The public header files are moved to a new subdirectory, to separate
the definition of the public interface from the actual implementation.
Using an identical directory layout as the final installation has the
advantage that the example code can be build outside the project tree
without any modifications to the #include statements.
When linking dynamically, the shared library contains a reference to all
external dependencies, and the linker can easily resolve them. However
when linking statically, all external dependencies have to be specified
explicitly. This rule also applies to dependencies that are not exposed
through the public api.
The pkg-config Requires.private field is used to support both static and
dynamic linking correctly.
